Fig. 4

Protein kinases FgSnf1 and FgHog1 are associated with fludioxonil resistance in F. graminearum. a Sensitivity of PH-1, ΔFgSNF1, ΔFgHOG1, and the fludioxonil-resistant PRNJB3-2 strains to fludioxonil at different concentrations. b Mycelial growth inhibition rate quantified from a. c Glycerol accumulation in PH-1 and ΔFgSNF1 treated with or without fludioxonil. *** indicates significantly different at P = 0.001. ns refers no significant difference