Table 3 Walled and wallless phloem-limited bacteria

Walled phloem-limited bacteria

1

Citrus greening

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, Candidatus Liberibacter americanus, Candidatus Liberibacter africanus

All economically important citrus species

Asian psyllids: Diaphorina citri,

African psyllids: Trioza eritreae

Haapalainen (2014);

Wang and Trivedi (2013)

2

Marginal chlorosis of strawberry

Candidatus Phlomobacter fragariae

Strawberry

Planthopper: Cixius wagneri

Danet et al. (2003);

Nourrisseau et al. (1993)

4

Basses richesses of sugar beet

Candidatus Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus

Sugarbeet

Planthopper: Pentastiridius leporinus

Bressan et al. (2012); Sémétey et al. (2007)

5

Cucurbit yellow vine disease

Serratia marcescens

Cucurbits

Squash bug: Anasa tristis

Bruton et al. (2003);

Rascoe et al. (2003)

Wall less phloem limited bacteria

1

Aster yellows

Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris

Carrot, lettuce

Leafhopper: Macrosteles quadrilineatus

Bai et al. (2006)

2

Onion yellows

Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris

Onion

Leafhopper: Macrosteles striifrons

Miyahara et al. (1982)

4

Grapevine yellows

Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis

Grape

Leafhopper: Scaphoideus titanus

Bertaccini et al. (2014)

5

Apple proliferation

Candidatus Phytoplasma mali

Apple

Psyllids: Cacopsylla mali

Bertaccini et al. (2014)

Spiroplasma

1

Corn stunt

Spiroplasma kunkelii

Maize

Leafhoppers: Dalbulus maidis, D. eliminatus,

Jones and Medina (2020)

2

Citrus stubborn

Spiroplasma citri

Citrus

Leafhoppers: Circulifer tenellus,

Sagouti et al. 2022

Phloem limited viruses

1

Citrus tristeza disease

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV)

Citrus

Aphids:

Aphis gossypii,

Bar-Joseph et al. (1989);

Moreno et al. (2008);

Camps et al. (2022)

2

Potato leafroll virus disease

Potato leafroll virus (PLRV)

Potato

Aphids:

Myzus persicae

Taliansky et al. (2003); Singh et al. (2014); Kumar et al. (2017)

3

Squash leaf curl disease

Squash leaf curl virus (SLCV)

Cucurbits, legumes, and potato

Whitefly:

Bemisia tabaci

Kumar et al. (2021)

4

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease

Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV)

Tomato

Whitefly:

Bemisia tabaci

Miozzi et al. (2014); Steele et al. (2022)

5

Rice black-streaked dwarf disease

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV)

Rice

Plant hopper: Laodelphax striatellus

Matsukura et al. (2019)

6

Rice dwarf disease

Rice dwarf virus (RDV)

Rice

Leafhopper:

Nephotettix cincticeps

Wu et al. (2022);

Wang et al. (2024)